电阻率和电导率
钝化
兴奋剂
材料科学
瓶颈
能量转换效率
光电子学
载流子寿命
光伏系统
电导率
掺杂剂
分析化学(期刊)
凝聚态物理
纳米技术
化学
电气工程
物理
物理化学
计算机科学
硅
嵌入式系统
图层(电子)
工程类
色谱法
作者
Zenghua Cai,Chen‐Min Dai,Shiyou Chen
出处
期刊:Solar RRL
[Wiley]
日期:2019-12-19
卷期号:4 (4)
被引量:77
标识
DOI:10.1002/solr.201900503
摘要
The photovoltaic efficiency increase in Sb 2 S 3 ‐based solar cells has stagnated for 5 years since the highest efficiency of 7.5% was achieved in 2014. One important bottleneck is the high electrical resistivity of Sb 2 S 3 . The first‐principle calculations reveal that the high‐resistivity results from the compensation between the intrinsic donor V S and acceptors V Sb , Sb S , and S Sb which have comparably high concentration (low formation energy). The compensation also limits the improvement of conductivity through direct extrinsic doping. Further calculations of O dopants show that O S has low formation energy, so the dominant intrinsic donor V S can be passivated by O and thus the p‐type doping limit imposed by V S can be overcome. Meanwhile, other p‐type limiting and recombination‐center donor defects can be suppressed under the S‐rich condition, which explains why the highest efficiency is achieved in O‐doped Sb 2 S 3 after sulfurization. Given the unexpected beneficial effects of O doping and sulfurization, a two‐step doping strategy is proposed for overcoming the efficiency bottleneck: 1) use O to passivate the V S and S‐rich condition to suppress other detrimental defects, making p‐type doping feasible and minority carrier lifetime long; 2) introduce other p‐type dopants to increase hole carrier concentration.
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