First Report of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Causing Stripe Rust of Wheat, in Zimbabwe

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 104, No. 1First Report of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Causing Stripe Rust of Wheat, in Zimbabwe PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, Causing Stripe Rust of Wheat, in ZimbabweW. H. P. Boshoff, B. Visser, C. M. Lewis, T. M. Adams, D. G. O. Saunders, T. Terefe, T. Soko, N. Chiuraise, and Z. A. PretoriusW. H. P. Boshoff†Corresponding author: W. H. P. Boshoff; E-mail Address: BoshoffWHP@ufs.ac.zahttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-2769-5546Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South AfricaSearch for more papers by this author, B. VisserDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South AfricaSearch for more papers by this author, C. M. LewisJohn Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United KingdomSearch for more papers by this author, T. M. Adamshttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-9729-8274John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United KingdomSearch for more papers by this author, D. G. O. SaundersJohn Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United KingdomSearch for more papers by this author, T. Terefehttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-7821-236XARC-Small Grain, Bethlehem 9700, South AfricaSearch for more papers by this author, T. SokoSeed Co. Limited, Harare, ZimbabweSearch for more papers by this author, N. ChiuraiseSeed Co. Limited, Harare, ZimbabweSearch for more papers by this author, and Z. A. Pretoriushttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-1053-188XDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South AfricaSearch for more papers by this author AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations W. H. P. Boshoff1 † B. Visser1 C. M. Lewis2 T. M. Adams2 D. G. O. Saunders2 T. Terefe3 T. Soko4 N. Chiuraise4 Z. A. Pretorius1 1Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa 2John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom 3ARC-Small Grain, Bethlehem 9700, South Africa 4Seed Co. Limited, Harare, Zimbabwe Published Online:7 Nov 2019https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-07-19-1395-PDNAboutSectionsSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat During September 2018, stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici, Eriks. was observed on bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Zimbabwe. The disease occurred on irrigated spring wheat planted at different Highveld trial sites (>1,200 m above sea level) close to Harare, as well as on commercially planted wheat near Chegutu. Stripe rust infections were severe and reached 100S on susceptible entries. According to wheat researchers in Zimbabwe, this was the first occurrence of stripe rust in the country. In addition, the Global Rust Reference Centre in Denmark confirmed that they have no previous record of the disease in Zimbabwe (M. S. Hovmøller, personal communication). Avirulence/virulence characteristics of single infection point derived stripe rust isolates were determined using the standard international differential set. Repeated seedling assays revealed one race characterized by avirulence to Yr1, 4b, 5, 10, 15, 24, 32, Cle, Mor, Sd, Sp, Su, and HVII and virulence to Yr2, 3a, 4a, 6, 7, 8, 9, 19, 25, 27, and A. Consistent with a previous report, seedling infection types on the Yr17 wheat line Yr17/6*AvS were high but low on VPM1 (Yr17+) (Sharma-Poudyal et al. 2013). The isolates typed as race 30E142A+ were virulent on seedlings of 22 out of 24 Zimbabwean bread wheat cultivars, as opposed to the South African control race 6E22A+, which was virulent to only three entries. Genetic analysis with 15 microsatellite markers showed that race 30E142A+ was more closely related to Kenyan stripe rust isolate Ken12/09 (genomic DNA obtained from M. S. Hovmøller, Global Rust Reference Centre, Aarhus, Denmark) than to any of the four described South African races (Visser et al. 2016). Using sequence-characterized amplified region molecular markers (Walter et al. 2016), the Zimbabwean 30E142A+ isolates were identified as PstS1 strains, the Ken12/09 isolate as a PstS2 strain, and all the South African races as “other” strains. In terms of a global P. striiformis f. sp. tritici population, field pathogenomics showed that the Zimbabwean isolates (ENA: PRJEB33109) were most closely related to genetic group 2, comprising isolates collected from triticale in Europe (Hubbard et al. 2015), as well as several historical South African isolates. Currently, race 30E142A+ has not been detected in South Africa. However, based on stem and leaf rust races occurring in both South Africa and neighboring countries to the north, as well as the proposed wind-mediated movement of rusts within southern Africa (Visser et al. 2019), the South African wheat industry is urged to be vigilant because resistant cultivars may be under threat from the Zimbabwean race.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Hubbard, A., et al. 2015. Genome Biol. 16:23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-015-0590-8 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarSharma-Poudyal, D., et al. 2013. Plant Dis. 97:379. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-12-0078-RE Link, ISI, Google ScholarVisser, B., et al. 2016. S. Afr. J. Plant Soil 33:161. https://doi.org/10.1080/02571862.2015.1125957 Crossref, Google ScholarVisser, B., et al. 2019. Phytopathology 109:133. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-04-18-0110-R Link, Google ScholarWalter, S., et al. 2016. Ecol. Evol. 6:2790. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2069 Crossref, Google ScholarThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 104, No. 1 January 2020SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionStrawberry plant showing leaf blight caused by Pantoea ananatis FANS-1 (Bajpai et al.). Photo credit: B. Prithiviraj. Plasmopara velutina causing downy mildew on Impatiens balsamina (R. M. Silva et al.). Photo credit: R. W. Barreto. Metrics Downloaded 3,684 times Article History Issue Date: 2 Jan 2020Published: 7 Nov 2019First Look: 19 Aug 2019Accepted: 15 Aug 2019 Pages: 290-290 Information© 2020 The American Phytopathological SocietyKeywordsPuccinia striiformis f. sp. triticirace 30E142+wheatZimbabweThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.Cited ByYield Losses Associated with Different Levels of Stripe Rust Resistance of Commercial Wheat Cultivars in ChinaXinli Zhou, Taohong Fang, Kexin Li, Kebing Huang, Chunhua Ma, Min Zhang, Xin Li, Suizhuang Yang, Runsheng Ren, and Pingping Zhang27 April 2022 | Phytopathology®, Vol. 112, No. 6Long-read genome sequencing of bread wheat facilitates disease resistance gene cloning14 March 2022 | Nature Genetics, Vol. 54, No. 3Pathogenomic analyses of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici supports a close genetic relationship between South and East Africa21 September 2021 | Plant Pathology, Vol. 71, No. 2Races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici identified from the coastal areas of Turkey30 September 2021 | Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, Vol. 43, No. sup2Rust expression browser: an open source database for simultaneous analysis of host and pathogen gene expression profiles with expVIP9 March 2021 | BMC Genomics, Vol. 22, No. 1Prediction of Wheat Stripe Rust Occurrence with Time Series Sentinel-2 Images1 November 2021 | Agriculture, Vol. 11, No. 11Molecular and phenotypic evaluation of wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) containing different combinations of rust resistance genes23 March 2021 | Plant Breeding, Vol. 140, No. 3Accomplishments in wheat rust research in South Africa26 November 2020 | South African Journal of Science, Vol. 116, No. 11/12Role of Genetics, Genomics, and Breeding Approaches to Combat Stripe Rust of Wheat6 October 2020 | Frontiers in Nutrition, Vol. 7Pathogens which threaten food security: Puccinia striiformis, the wheat stripe rust pathogen4 March 2020 | Food Security, Vol. 12, No. 2