PAN/W18O49/Ag nanofibrous membrane for high-efficient and multi-band electromagnetic-interference shielding with broad temperature tolerance and good thermal isolating capacity

High-efficient multispectral electromagnetic-interference (EMI) shielding membranes, with robust resistance against broad temperature range and good thermal isolating capacity, are highly desirable to prevent human being and portable sensitive electrical devices from both outside detrimental electromagnetic irradiation (interference) threaten and heat under harsh conditions, but still a challenge to be realized. Herein, an effective route has been demonstrated to address this challenge by constructing ternary polyacrylonitrile/W18O49/Ag composite nanofibrous membrane via electrospinning and post treatment. Prompted by the high electrical conductivity (∼30400 S cm−1) and multi-porous structures, our membrane exhibits outstanding EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) against multi-bands: (i) highest SE was ∼100.9 dB from 8 to 26.5 GHz (thickness: 0.11 mm); (ii) low emissivity (from 0.26 to 0.6) over whole-infrared bands (15 ∼ 150 THz; thickness: 0.11 mm); (iii) 99% X-ray attenuation of 30 keV (6.8–22.7 EHz; thickness: 1.92 mm). Moreover, our membrane also possesses good thermal insulating capacity to inhibit the heat, caused by the incident EM waves irradiation or outer hot environment, to protect the substrates. Most importantly, robust temperature tolerance has been also realized based on our membrane over broad temperature range (from −196 °C to 385 °C). These outstanding functions make our membrane hold great potential in constructing EMI layer for both human beings and sensitive electronic devices under harsh temperature.