中性分子进化理论
生物多样性
生态学
浮游生物
浮游植物
生态位
营养水平
生物
竞赛(生物学)
资源(消歧)
生态系统多样性
多样性(政治)
社会学
栖息地
计算机网络
生物化学
营养物
基因
计算机科学
人类学
作者
Michael J. Behrenfeld,Kelsey M. Bisson
出处
期刊:Annual Review of Marine Science
[Annual Reviews]
日期:2023-06-27
卷期号:16 (1)
标识
DOI:10.1146/annurev-marine-112122-105229
摘要
The biodiversity of the plankton has been interpreted largely through the monocle of competition. The spatial distancing of phytoplankton in nature is so large that cell boundary layers rarely overlap, undermining opportunities for resource-based competitive exclusion. Neutral theory accounts for biodiversity patterns based purely on random birth, death, immigration, and speciation events and has commonly served as a null hypothesis in terrestrial ecology but has received comparatively little attention in aquatic ecology. This review summarizes basic elements of neutral theory and explores its stand-alone utility for understanding phytoplankton diversity. A theoretical framework is described entailing a very nonneutral trophic exclusion principle melded with the concept of ecologically defined neutral niches. This perspective permits all phytoplankton size classes to coexist at any limiting resource level, predicts greater diversity than anticipated from readily identifiable environmental niches but less diversity than expected from pure neutral theory, and functions effectively in populations of distantly space individuals. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Marine Science, Volume 16 is January 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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