Modelling the Tribological Performance of Palm mid olein in Cold Forging Test using DEFORM-3D

In the past, most metal-forming lubricants used mineral oils or other hazardous compounds as their primary foundation. Due to their non-toxic and biodegradable qualities, vegetable oils have the potential to replace mineral oil as a lubricant. Palm oil's byproduct is presently being researched as a biolubricant in order to expand its market beyond cooking oil. Modeling a finite element approach is one of the excellent predictions in tribological tests, notably in metal forming processes. The purpose of this paper is to serve as a modelling the metal forming process and demonstrate the use of palm mid olein as a biolubricant. The metal forming test is essential to the understanding of materials and engineering research because of the friction, wear behaviour, and deformation it produces. Utilizing aluminum (AA1100) as a specimen, this study compared the results of using palm oil-based metal forming oil to those of using commercial metal forming oil. In order to better understand the forging process, we analyse the material flow patterns of these parts at different die stroke levels. According to the findings, the friction of both tested experiment is slightly different where in ring compression test (RCT) test palm mid olein (PMO) has a higher friction ( m = 0.20 and μ = 0.0937) compare to commercial metal forming oil (CMFO) ( m = 0.15 and μ = 0.075) but in closed forging test, the friction PMO has found to be lower ( m = 0.39/μ = 0.159) compare to the CMFO ( m = 0.42/μ = 0.1675). From the investigated result also, PMO has a potential to be utilized as a metal forming lubricant.