Objective To evaluate the relationship between the early renal injury in type 2 diabetes patients and the plasma homocysteine concentration. Methods The serum homocysteine in 100 patients with diabetes and 50 healthy volunteers were measured. Results The plasma homocysteine concentrations in patients with diabetes were higher than healthy volunteers.The plasma homocysteine concentrations in patients with diabetic nephropathy were higher than those whose kidney was normal. Conclusion There is a close relationship between the plasma homocysteine and diabetic nephropathy.