A Comparative Evaluation of AR Embodiments vs. Videos and Figures for Learning Bead Weaving

The most common learning materials for handcraft today are videos and figures, which are limited in their ability to express embodied knowledge as an in-person tutor could. We developed WeavAR, an application for headworn augmented reality (AR) displays designed to teach basic bead weaving patterns. WeavAR combines virtual 3D hands showing weaving sequences recorded from an experienced bead weaver and a dynamic 3D bead model showing how the work progresses. Using a mixed within/between-subjects user study (n=30), we compared learning materials (AR to videos and figures) and learning material placement (in the area of work or to the side). Results show that the AR learning materials had comparable effectiveness to video and figures. Hand visualizations were found to lack crucial context, however, making them less useful than the 3D bead model. Extra measures to prevent obstruction are required when placing learning materials at the area of work.