Static behavior of large stud shear connectors

For the simplification of details in steel bridges, more convenient placing of concrete slab, and the proper distribution of shear pockets for precast decks, large diameter studs can be an excellent alternative. Specifically, in the case of precast deck bridges, it is favorable to design shear pockets for studs to have a uniform distribution and have small space in the decks. In order to satisfy the design requirements in terms of strength and fatigue in the region of high horizontal shear in precast deck bridges, shear connectors having higher capacity can provide uniform distribution of shear pockets. Through the push-out tests on large stud shear connectors, beyond the limitation of current design codes, static behavior was investigated and comparisons with design equations were performed. Shear stiffness of the connectors in an elastic range and tri-linear load–slip curves were proposed from shear tests on 25, 27, and 30 mm studs. Ultimate slip capacity and strength for large studs were evaluated and the test results show clearly the conservative values of design shear strength in Eurocode 4.