Driving and detecting ferromagnetic resonance in insulators with the spin Hall effect

We demonstrate the generation and detection of spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance in $\text{Pt/}{\mathrm{Y}}_{3}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{5}{\mathrm{O}}_{12}$ (YIG) bilayers. A unique attribute of this system is that the spin Hall effect lies at the heart of both the generation and detection processes and no charge current is passing through the insulating magnetic layer. When the YIG undergoes resonance, a dc voltage is detected longitudinally along the Pt that can be described by two components. One is the mixing of the spin Hall magnetoresistance with the microwave current. The other results from spin pumping into the Pt being converted to a dc current through the inverse spin Hall effect. The voltage is measured with applied magnetic field directions that range from in plane to nearly perpendicular. When compared with theory, we find that the real and imaginary parts of the spin mixing conductance have out-of-plane angular dependences.