Lentinula edodes is second edible fungi in the world and it is one of our specialties.It is known as delicacies in the folk.It is a kind of fungus growing on wood.It tastes delicious,fragrant smell and full of nutrition,and known as the Queen of plant.This paper describes the morphological characteristics and growth environment of Lentinula edodes,and makes a summary introduction in the edible and medicinal value,including the effect of polysaccharides,protein and so on.Prospecting the Lentinula edodes in the application of research.