Impact of plateletpheresis donor variables on single donor apheresis platelets quality and post-transfusion outcomes in hemato-oncology patients

Abstract BACKGROUND: A combination of immune and/or non-immune factors plays a key role in achieving satisfactory therapeutic response in patients on platelet-transfusion therapy. Donor-related factors such as age, weight, body mass index (BMI), blood volume, leukocyte content, and platelet count may influence the quality of plateletpheresis products. This study aimed to analyze donor variables associated with quality-control parameters of single donor apheresis platelet (SDAP) and posttransfusion response in patients having thrombocytopenia with underlying hematological malignancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective observational study was conducted for 1 year on patients diagnosed with haematological malignancies and received SDAP transfusions. SDAP donors who fulfilled the apheresis donor screening criteria as per National guidelines were accepted, and donor variables were studied. RESULTS: A total of 113 ABO-matched SDAP units were transfused to 34 patients with thrombocytopenia due to underlying hematological malignancies (56.6% with acute myeloid leukemia and 30.1% with acute lymphoblastic leukemia). Among 113 donors, the mean processing time and blood volume processed were 51 ± 12 min and 2239 ± 454 ml, respectively. The mean volume and yield of SDAP were 237 ± 22 ml and 3.8 × 10 11 /unit, respectively. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) corrected count increment at 1- and 24-h were 13,658 (5982–21,732) and 11,091 (1135–19,812), while median (IQR) percentage-platelet recovery at 1- and 24-h were 31.5% (13.7%–51%) and 25.4% (3.3%–46%), respectively. It was observed that 85% of patients had splenomegaly, 46.9% were on drugs, 46% had fever, 14.2% had sepsis, and 6.2% had disseminated intravascular coagulation. CONCLUSION: A positive correlation was observed between SDAP yield and donor weight, BMI, and platelet count. The knowledge of donor variables influencing the platelet yield of SDAP will guide us in donor selection and will benefit the patient.