Histological evaluation of pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome: Correlation with Drum Tower Severity Scoring

Background Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome induced by pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PA-HSOS) is a complication of drug-induced liver damage. Few studies have examined the relationship between pathological changes and clinical circumstances in PA-HSOS. The Drum Tower Severity Scoring System (DTSS) was developed using prognostic indicators from clinical treatment outcomes. We hypothesized that the severity of pathological damage is consistent with DTSS. Aims We aimed to improve our understanding and assessment of vascular liver injury disease histopathology by studying larger sample sizes of human histopathological samples. We also wanted to confirm the link between histopathological findings and DTSS. Methods The study included 62 patients with PA-HSOS who underwent transjugular liver biopsy. Their hepatic pathological tissues were evaluated. Analyses of linear regression and Spearman's correlation were employed to examine the relationship between DTSS and pathological characteristics. Results Clinical performance and the DTSS score were used to determine histopathological severity. The sinusoidal congestion area (SCA), central venous endothelial injury (CVEI), and fibrinoid exudation in congestion foci (FECF) were significant indicators. SCA was linearly related to the DTSS score. Conclusion Our findings show that hepatic pathological characteristics correlate with DTSS scores in PA-HSOS. SCA, CVEI, and FECF may be helpful for determining PA-HSOS severity.