Association of valproic acid-related pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetic pathways and transporter gene polymorphisms and antiepileptic efficacy in Chinese patients

4. CACNA1C rs1051375 GG and GA genotype patients have a lower risk of drug resistance than AA genotype patients, CACNA1H rs3751664 T allele is a risk factor for VPA monoresistance, while APEH rs3816877 CT genotype patients have a trend of drug resistance during VPA treatment.