An asymptotic theory formulating the surface ablation impact on Mack modes in high-enthalpy hypersonic boundary layers

物理 高超音速 曲面(拓扑) 边界(拓扑) 烧蚀 边值问题 机械 边界层 航空航天工程 经典力学 热力学 几何学 数学分析 工程类 量子力学 数学
作者
Qingjiang Yuan,Ming Dong
出处
期刊:Physics of Fluids [American Institute of Physics]
卷期号:36 (9)
标识
DOI:10.1063/5.0227561
摘要

Surface ablation induced by aerodynamic heating is a common phenomenon for high-speed cruising vehicles, impacting surface geometry, temperature distribution, and mass injection, all of which play crucial roles in the perturbation evolution and boundary-layer transition. This paper presents a high-Reynolds-number asymptotic theory to formulate the impact of a local surface ablation on the Mack-mode evolution in high-enthalpy hypersonic boundary layers. The mean-flow distortion induced by ablation is formulated by the compressible triple-deck formalism, incorporating the chemical non-equilibrium effect. Simultaneously, the distortion of the Mack mode is formulated by the multi-scale analysis, with an amplification factor quantifying the overall impact of the ablation. The asymptotic model distinctly separates the effects of the mean-flow distortion and the Mack instability property. The amplification factor is attributed to two main factors: a local scattering effect at the ablation region, primarily contributed by the indentation, and a successive adjustment of the Mack growth rate, mainly contributed by the temperature distribution. The study reveals that the Mack mode experiences enhancement by ablation when its frequency falls below a critical threshold but is suppressed for higher frequencies. Remarkably, the critical frequency aligns closely with the most unstable frequency within the second-mode frequency band.
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