The heat fading of the traditional brake of cars is obvious,and the brake will produce brake dust and noise when braking,which will influence the safety of the car and pollute the environment. The electromagnetic brake is contactless eddy current brake which has advantages such as fast response time,stable braking,convenient control,no brake dust and noise, so the electromagnetic brake will be more and more widely used in automobile. The principle and classification of the eddy current brake are introduced,and then it introduces the main structure,principle,advantages and disadvantages of the eddy current retarder and the permanent eddy current retarder. At last,the development trend of eddy current braking is analyzed and pointed out that the lightweight,integrated and energy-saving products would be the final products.