[The clinical characteristics and airway inflammatory phenotypes in 35 patients with severe asthma].

Objective: To analyze the clinical features and airway inflammatory phenotypes in patients with severe asthma. Methods: Patients with severe asthma were recruited in this cross-sectional study in our center. History of asthma, blood and sputum samples, and respiratory function were tested and recorded. The phenotypes of inflammation in airway were evaluated. Results: A total of 35 asthmatic patients with the mean age 41.4 years were involved in this study from January 2013 to December 2013. The disease duration were (14.3±13.6) years with mostly male in China-Japan Friendship Hospital. Thirteen patients reported the history of smoking. Twenty-one patients had the complications such as allergic rhinitis, followed by chronic rhinosinusitis of 11 cases, nasal polyp of 7 cases, gastroesophageal reflux disease of 5. The forced expiratory volume in one second/predicted value ratio (FEV(1)%pred) in 29 patients was lower than 80%.Twenty-one participants did not react in bronchial reversibility test. Sixteen patients were administrated with oral cortical steroids (OCS). The average annual cost per patient was 22 thousand RMB. Sixteenrefractory asthmatics were diagnosed as eosinophilic asthma. Conclusions: The clinical features associated with severe asthma include male gender, smoking, persistent airway limitation. Systemic use of corticosteroids is common and treatment costs are high. The eosinophilic asthma is the main inflammatory phenotype in patients with severe asthma.目的： 探讨重症支气管哮喘（以下简称哮喘）的临床特征和气道炎症表型分布。 方法： 收集2013年1月1日—12月31日中日友好医院呼吸内科门诊重症哮喘患者的临床资料，分析其临床特征和气道炎症表型的分布。 结果： 重症哮喘患者35例，男性20例，女性15例，平均年龄41.4岁，病程（14.3±13.6）年，13例有吸烟史。合并过敏性鼻炎21例，慢性鼻窦炎11例，鼻息肉7例，胃食管反流病5例。29例第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV(1)）占预计值百分比<80%，21例存在持续气流受限。23例近1年使用过全身糖皮质激素，16例患者持续或近于持续使用口服糖皮质激素治疗。年治疗费用2.2（0.8~4.7）万元。气道炎症表型16例为嗜酸性粒细胞性哮喘，9例为中性粒细胞性哮喘，7例为混合性粒细胞性哮喘。 结论： 重症哮喘患者以男性为主，吸烟率高，气流受限不完全可逆。全身糖皮质激素使用率高，年治疗费用高。气道炎症表型以嗜酸性粒细胞性哮喘最为常见。.