Language Policy and Planning

计算机科学 语言规划 语言学 哲学
作者
Huan Yik Lee
标识
DOI:10.1002/9781394165957.ch12
摘要

Chapter 12 Language Policy and Planning A Focus on ASEAN and EU Contexts Huan Yik Lee, Huan Yik LeeSearch for more papers by this author Huan Yik Lee, Huan Yik LeeSearch for more papers by this author Book Editor(s):Christiane Fäcke, Christiane FäckeSearch for more papers by this authorXuesong (Andy) Gao, Xuesong (Andy) GaoSearch for more papers by this authorPaula Garrett-Rucks, Paula Garrett-RucksSearch for more papers by this author First published: 08 November 2024 https://doi.org/10.1002/9781394165957.ch12 AboutPDFPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShareShare a linkShare onEmailFacebookxLinkedInRedditWechat Summary The European Union (EU) and Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) mainly consist of inherently multilingual and multicultural member-states; therefore, language policy and planning (LPP) in these organizations are not only highly complex, but also at times controversial. This chapter firstly explains the existing language policies and practices in these two international organizations, that is, the EU and ASEAN, with a particular focus on characterizing the underlying language ideologies within these organizations (and their member-states). While direct comparisons between the EU and ASEAN contexts are not always possible due to the divergent goals of the organizations, mapping of language ideologies helps us understand the dynamics and complexities of LPP in these organizations. In the latter sections, past and present policies toward plurilingual education in the EU and Council of Europe are deliberated in relation to the role of English as a lingua franca in ASEAN and across the region. The concept of "intercomprehensible languages" within the European context, for example, may be considered for ASEAN and its member-states. Other suggestions include exploring "Naverin" and "Naverina" education policy models, rooted in mother-tongue-based multilingual education and an ecological approach to LPP. The chapter also provides suggestions for future directions of research in LPP. The chapter concludes with a discussion on the practical relevance and pedagogical implications of the proposed language education policy models for multilingual nations and societies. REFERENCES Addis , A. ( 1997 ). On human diversity and the limits of toleration . In I. Shapiro & W. Kymlicka (Eds.), Ethnicity and group rights (Yearbook of the American Society for Political and Legal Philosophy) (pp. 112 – 153 ). New York University Press . Google Scholar Alwasilah , A. C. ( 2013 ). Policy on foreign language education in Indonesia . International Journal of Educational Development , 7 , 1 – 19 . Google Scholar Ammon , U. ( 2012 ). Language policy in the European Union (EU) . In B. Spolsky (Ed.), The Cambridge handbook of language policy (pp. 570 – 591 ). Cambridge University Press . 10.1017/CBO9780511979026.034 Google Scholar Anderson , B. ( 1991 ). Imagined community: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism . Verso . Google Scholar ASEAN Secretariat ( 2009 ). The ASEAN Charter . ASEAN Secretariat . Google Scholar ASEAN Secretariat ( 2013 ). Keynote address by H.E. Le Luong Minh, Secretary-General of ASEAN at the British Council Conference on "Educating the next generation of workforce: ASEAN perspectives on innovation, integration and English." Association of Southeast Asian Nations . http://asean.org/keynote-address-by-he-le-luong-minh-secretary-general-of-aseanat-the-british-council-conference-on-educating-the-next-generation-of-workforce-asean-perspectives-on-innovationintegration-and-english/ Google Scholar Baetens Beardsmore , H. ( 2009 ). Language promotion by European supra-national institutions . In O. Garcia (Ed.), Bilingual education in the 21st century: A global perspective (pp. 197 – 217 ). Wiley . Google Scholar Bamgbose , A. ( 2006 ). A recurring decimal: English in language policy and planning . In B. B. Kachru , Y. Kachru , & C. L. Nelson (Eds.), The handbook of world Englishes (pp. 645 – 660 ). Blackwell . 10.1002/9780470757598.ch35 Google Scholar Benson , C. ( 2019 ). L1-based multilingual education in the Asia and Pacific region and beyond . In A. Kirkpatrick & A. J. Liddicoat (Eds.), The Routledge international handbook of language education policy in Asia (pp. 29 – 42 ). Routledge . Google Scholar Blake , D. ( 2017 ). Brexit and the City: Saying no to the princes of Europe, the City of London as a world financial centre following Brexit, or passport to Pimlico, the City of London's post-Brexit future depending on whether it is located inside or outside Pimlico or even possibly Latvia . https://static1.squarespace.com/static Google Scholar Blommaert , J. M. ( 2007 ). Sociolinguistic scales . Intercultural Pragmatics , 4 ( 1 ), 1 – 19 . 10.1515/IP.2007.001 Google Scholar Bunce , P. , Phillipson , R. , Rapatahana , V. , & Tupas , R. ( 2016 ). Why English? Confronting the Hydra . Multilingual Matters . 10.21832/9781783095858 Google Scholar Burkhauser , S. , Steele , J. L. , Li , J. , Slater , R. O. , Bacon , M. , & Miller , T. ( 2016 ). Partner language learning trajectories in dual-language immersion: Evidence from an urban district . Foreign Language Annals , 49 ( 3 ), 415 – 433 . 10.1111/flan.12218 Web of Science®Google Scholar Cameron , D. ( 2012 ). The commodification of language: English as a global commodity . In T. Nevalainen & E. C. Traugott (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of the history of English (pp. 352 – 361 ). Oxford University Press . 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199922765.013.0031 Google Scholar Chesterman , S. ( 2008 ). Does ASEAN exist? The Association of Southeast Asian Nations as an international legal person . The Singapore Year Book of International Law , 12 , 199 – 211 . Google Scholar Cobarrubias , J. ( 1983 ). Language planning: The state of the art . In J. Cobarrubias & J. Fishman (Eds.), Progress in language planning: International perspectives (pp. 3 – 26 ). Mouton . Google Scholar Collyer , F. , Connell , R. , Maia , J. , & Morrell , R. ( 2019 ). Knowledge and global power: Making new sciences in the South . Monash University Publishing . Google Scholar Council of Europe ( 2023 ). The CEFR levels . https://www.coe.int/en/web/common-european-framework-reference-languages/level-descriptions Google Scholar Cummins , J. ( 2008 ). Teaching for transfer: Challenging the two solitudes assumption in bilingual education . In N. H. Hornberger (Ed.), The encyclopedia of language and education (pp. 65 – 75 ). Springer . 10.1007/978-0-387-30424-3_116 Google Scholar Darr , B. ( 2023 , February 20). Multilingual education: An essential strategy for transforming education systems . UNESCO Multisectoral Regional Office in Bangkok . https://bangkok.unesco.org/content/multilingual-education-essential-strategy-transforming-education-systems Google Scholar European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights ( 2007 ). Title III: Equality. Article 22: Cultural, religious and linguistic diversity . Official Journal of the European Union, C 303/17 . Vienna, Austria : EU Charter of Fundamental Rights . Google Scholar European Union Council ( 2002 ). Council resolution of 14 February 2002 on the promotion of linguistic diversity and language learning in the framework of the implementation of the objectives of the European Year of Languages 2001 . Official Journal of the European Communities , 50 ( 2 ), 1 – 3 . Google Scholar Forsberg , T. ( 2000 ). A friend in need or a friend indeed? Finnish perceptions of Germany's role in the EU and Europe . UPI Working Papers , 24 ( 2000 ), 1 – 20 . Google Scholar Gazzola , M. ( 2016 ). Research for CULT committee-European strategy for multilingualism: Benefits and costs . European Parliament . Google Scholar Gooskens , C. ( 2007 ). The contribution of linguistic factors to the intelligibility of closely related languages . Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development , 28 ( 6 ), 445 – 467 . 10.2167/jmmd511.0 Google Scholar Hall , M. ( 2012 , November 22). EU Parliament makes cuts to translation budget . https://www.euractiv.com/section/languages-culture/news/eu-parliament-makes-cuts-to-translation-budget/ Google Scholar Hamid , M. O. ( 2016 ). The politics of language in education in a global polity . In K. Mundy , Green , B. Lingard , & A. Verger (Eds.), The handbook of global education policy (pp. 259 – 274 ). John Wiley & Sons . 10.1002/9781118468005.ch14 Google Scholar Hardini , T. I. , & Grangé , P. ( 2017 ). 27 countries, 23 languages, and communication challenges in the European Union: A comparison with ASEAN Economic Community . TAWARIKH: International Journal for Historical Studies , 8 ( 2 ), 163 – 178 . Google Scholar Hashim , A. , Kaur , J. , & Tan , S. K. ( 2016 ). Identity regionalism and English as an ASEAN lingua franca . Journal of English as a Lingua Franca , 5 , 229 – 247 . 10.1515/jelf-2016-0018 Web of Science®Google Scholar Hayes , D. ( 2017 ). Fallacies affecting policy and practice in the teaching of English as a foreign language in state primary schools in Asia . Asia Pacific Journal of Education , 37 ( 2 ), 179 – 192 . 10.1080/02188791.2016.1240660 Google Scholar Jágrová , K. , Avgustinova , T. , Stenger , I. , & Fischer , A. ( 2019 ). Language models, surprisal and fantasy in Slavic intercomprehension . Computer Speech and Language , 53 ( 1 ), 242 – 275 . 10.1016/j.csl.2018.04.005 Google Scholar Johnson , F. L. ( 2013 ). Underlying paradox in the European Union's multilingualism policies . Critical Inquiry in Language Studies , 10 ( 4 ), 288 – 310 . 10.1080/15427587.2013.846244 Google Scholar Kaplan , R. B. ( 2013 ). Language Planning . Applied Research on English Language , 2 ( 1 ), 1 – 12 . Google Scholar Kaplan , R. B. , Baldauf , R. B. , & Kamwangamalu , N. ( 2011 ). Why educational language plans sometimes fail . Current Issues in Language Planning , 12 ( 2 ), 105 – 124 . 10.1080/14664208.2011.591716 Google Scholar Kirkpatrick , A. ( 2012 ). English in ASEAN: Implications for regional multilingualism . Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development , 33 ( 4 ), 331 – 344 . 10.1080/01434632.2012.661433 Web of Science®Google Scholar Kirkpatrick , A. ( 2010 ). English as a Lingua Franca in ASEAN: A Multilingual Model . Hong Kong University Press . 10.5790/hongkong/9789888028795.001.0001 Google Scholar Kirkpatrick , A. ( 2017 ). Language education policy among the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) . European Journal of Language Policy , 9 ( 1 ), 7 – 25 . 10.3828/ejlp.2017.2 Google Scholar Kirkpatrick , A. , & Liddicoat , A. J. ( 2020 ). English and language policies in East and Southeast Asia . In K. Bolton , W. Botha , & A. Kirkpatrick (Eds.), The handbook of Asian Englishes . (pp. 725 – 740 ). John Wiley & Sons . 10.1002/9781118791882.ch32 Google Scholar Koh , A. ( 2007 ). Deparochialising education: Globalization, regionalization, and the formation of an ASEAN education space . Discourse: Studies of the Cultural Politics of Education , 28 ( 2 ), 179 – 195 . 10.1080/01596300701289144 Google Scholar Kosonen , K. ( 2009 ). Language-in education policies in Southeast Asia: An overview . In K. Kosonen & C. Young (Eds.), Mother tongue as bridge language of instruction: Policies and experiences in Southeast Asia (pp. 22 – 41 ). The Southeast Asia Ministers of Education Organization . Google Scholar Kruse , J. , & Ammon , U. ( 2018 ). The language planning and policy for the European Union and its failures . In C. S. K. Chua (Ed.), Unintended language planning in a globalizing world: Multiple levels of players at work (pp. 39 – 56 ). De Gruyter Open . 10.1515/9783110518269-003 Google Scholar Lee , H. Y. , Hamid , M. O. , & Hardy , I. ( 2021 ). English and regional identity in ASEAN . World Englishes , 42 ( 2 ), 239 – 253 . https://doi.org/10.1111/weng.12571 10.1111/weng.12571 Google Scholar Lee , H. Y. , Hamid , M. O. , & Hardy , I. ( 2022a ). Characterizing language policy and planning in international organizations: ASEAN insights , Current Issues in Language Planning , 23 ( 2 ), 195 – 213 . 10.1080/14664208.2021.1965742 Google Scholar Lee , H. Y. , Hamid , M. O. , & Hardy , I. ( 2022b ). Problematizing ASEAN language policy . Language Problems and language planning , 46 ( 1 ), 55 – 77 . 10.1075/lplp.21044.lee Google Scholar Lee , H. Y. ( 2022c ). Rehumanising language policy and planning: Methodological perspectives from the Global South . ASEAN Journal of Applied Linguistics , 1 ( 1 ), 51 – 66 . Google Scholar Lee , H. Y. , Hamid , M. O. , & Hardy , I. ( 2023 ). Language and education policies in Southeast Asia: Reorienting towards multilingualism-as-resource . International Journal of Multilingualism , 20 ( 3 ), 1106 – 1124 . https://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2021.2002333 10.1080/14790718.2021.2002333 Google Scholar Lee , H. Y. , Hamid , M. O. , & Hardy , I. ( 2024 ). Language policy at the supranational level: English and the ASEAN . In Language Policy Book Series, Springer Nature : London, UK . 10.1007/978-3-031-73400-7 Google Scholar Liddicoat , A. ( 2020 ). Language policy and planning for language maintenance: The macro and meso levels . In A. Scalley & S. Eisenchlas (Eds.), Handbook of home language maintenance and development: Social and affective factors (pp. 337 – 356 ). De Gruyter Mouton . 10.1515/9781501510175-017 Google Scholar Lo Bianco , J. ( 2014 ). A celebration of language diversity, language policy, and politics in education . Review of Research in Education , 38 ( 1 ), 312 – 331 . 10.3102/0091732X13511050 Google Scholar Mahapatra , S. K. , & Anderson , J. ( 2023 ). Languages for learning: A framework for implementing India's multilingual language-in-education policy . Current Issues in Language Planning , 24 ( 1 ), 102 – 122 . 10.1080/14664208.2022.2037292 Google Scholar Mansour , G. ( 1993 ). Multilingualism and nation building . Multilingual Matters . Google Scholar McEntee-Atalianis , L. J. , & Vessey , R. ( 2020 ). Mapping the language ideologies of organizational members: A corpus linguistic investigation of the United Nations' general debates (1970–2016) . Language Policy , 19 , 549 – 573 . 10.1007/s10993-020-09542-4 Google Scholar McEntee-Atalianis , L. J. ( 2023 ). International and supranational organizations . In F. Grin , L. Cardinal , & K. Heugh (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of language policy and planning . Routledge . 10.4324/9780429448843-35 Google Scholar Mowbray , J. ( 2010 ). Language in the UN and EU: Linguistic diversity as a challenge for multilateralism . New Zealand Journal of Public and International Law , 8 ( 1 ), 91 – 115 . Google Scholar Park , J. S. Y. , & Wee , L. ( 2012 ). Markets of English: Linguistic capital and language policy in a globalizing world . Routledge . Google Scholar Phillipson , R. ( 2008 ). Lingua franca or lingua frankensteinia? English in European integration and globalization . World Englishes , 27 ( 2 ), 250 – 267 . 10.1111/j.1467-971X.2008.00555.x Web of Science®Google Scholar Phillipson , R. ( 2009 ). Linguistic imperialism continued . Routledge . Google Scholar Phillipson , R. , & Skutnabb-Kangas , T. ( 1996 ). English only worldwide, or language ecology . TESOL Quarterly , 30 ( 3 ), 429 – 452 . 10.2307/3587692 Web of Science®Google Scholar Phommanimith , K. ( 2008 ). Country report on basic education curriculum in Lao PDR . Vientiane, Laos : Department of General Education, Ministry of Education . Google Scholar Pulse of Europe ( 2023 ). Our basic statements . Frankfurt : Pulse of Europe . https://pulseofeurope.eu/en/unsere-grundaussagen/ Google Scholar Ricento , T. ( 2015 ). Language policy and political economy: English in a global context . Oxford University Press . 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199363391.001.0001 Google Scholar Ruiz , R. ( 2010 ). Reorienting language-as-resource . In J. E. Petrovic (Ed.), International perspectives on bilingual education: Policy, practice, and controversy (pp. 155 – 172 ). Information Age . Google Scholar Sercombe , P. , & Tupas , R. ( 2014 ). Language, education and nation-building: Assimilation and shift in Southeast Asia . Palgrave Macmillan . 10.1057/9781137455536 Google Scholar Tamburelli , M. ( 2021 ). Taking taxonomy seriously in linguistics: Intelligibility as a criterion of demarcation between languages and dialects . Lingua , 256 , 1 – 20 . 10.1016/j.lingua.2021.103068 Google Scholar Tikly , L. ( 2016 ). Language-in-education policy in low-income, postcolonial contexts: Towards a social justice approach . Comparative Education , 52 ( 3 ), 408 – 425 . 10.1080/03050068.2016.1185272 Google Scholar Tirosh , O. ( 2023 , March 30). European languages: Exploring the Languages of Europe . https://www.tomedes.com/translator-hub/european-languages Google Scholar Tollefson , J. ( 2013 ). Language policies in education: Critical issues . Routledge Publications . Google Scholar Tollefson , J. W. , & Pérez-Milans , M. ( 2018 ). The Oxford handbook of language policy and planning . Oxford University Press . 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190458898.001.0001 Google Scholar Tsuda , Y. ( 2014 ). The hegemony of English and strategies for linguistic pluralism: Proposing the ecology of language paradigm . In M. K. Asante , Y. Miike , & J. Yin (Eds.), The global intercultural communication reader ( 2nd ed. , pp. 445 – 456 ). Routledge . Google Scholar Tupas , R. ( 2018 ). (Un)framing language policy and reform in Southeast Asia . RELC Journal , 49 ( 2 ), 149 – 163 . 10.1177/0033688218772155 Google Scholar Wunderlich , J. U. ( 2012 ). Comparing regional organizations in global multilateral institutions: ASEAN, the EU and the UN . Asia Europe Journal , 10 ( 2–3 ), 127 – 143 . 10.1007/s10308-012-0324-4 Web of Science®Google Scholar UNESCO ( 2018 ). MTB MLE resource kit. Including the excluded: Promoting multilingual education . UNESCO . Google Scholar Zein , S. , & Garton , D. S. ( 2019 ). Early language learning and teacher education: International research and practice . Channel View Publications . Google Scholar The Handbook of Plurilingual and Intercultural Language Learning ReferencesRelatedInformation
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
刚刚
争取少吃点完成签到,获得积分10
刚刚
kangzezhou完成签到,获得积分10
刚刚
1秒前
长空飞燕完成签到,获得积分10
1秒前
刘成完成签到,获得积分10
1秒前
JamesPei应助123采纳,获得10
2秒前
2秒前
2秒前
qaq发布了新的文献求助10
2秒前
2秒前
2秒前
2秒前
英俊的铭应助LN采纳,获得10
2秒前
3秒前
3秒前
wangwang2168发布了新的文献求助20
3秒前
So完成签到,获得积分10
3秒前
研友_VZG7GZ应助jj采纳,获得10
3秒前
4秒前
4秒前
石文莉完成签到,获得积分20
4秒前
4秒前
搜集达人应助何某人采纳,获得10
4秒前
李健的小迷弟应助yyy采纳,获得10
4秒前
Gaojin锦完成签到,获得积分10
6秒前
柴六斤发布了新的文献求助10
6秒前
维尼完成签到,获得积分10
6秒前
6秒前
MLL发布了新的文献求助10
7秒前
7秒前
7秒前
7秒前
7秒前
7秒前
嘻嘻哈哈哈哈完成签到,获得积分10
7秒前
8秒前
QQ完成签到,获得积分10
8秒前
科研通AI6.2应助102755采纳,获得10
8秒前
Ada完成签到,获得积分10
8秒前
高分求助中
Principles of Economics, 11th Edition 10000
University Physics with Modern Physics, 16th edition 10000
(应助此贴封号)【重要!!请各用户(尤其是新用户)详细阅读】【科研通的精品贴汇总】 10000
Arthritis and Related Conditions, An Issue of Orthopedic Clinics 1000
Development of a Bridge Weigh-In-Motion System: A technology to convert the bridge response to the passage of traffic into data on vehicle configurations, speeds, times of travel and weights 1000
ズームレンズの光学設計に関する研究 800
Fundamentals of Pharmaceutical and Biologics Regulations: A Global Perspective, Second Edition 700
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 纳米技术 工程类 有机化学 化学工程 生物化学 计算机科学 内科学 物理 复合材料 催化作用 细胞生物学 无机化学 光电子学 物理化学 电极 基因
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 7291587
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 8910557
关于积分的说明 18861354
捐赠科研通 6958940
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 3209345
关于科研通互助平台的介绍 2378998
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 2185193