Recent Progress and Outlook of Metal–Organic Framework Materials Used for CO2 Electrocatalytic Reduction

Converting CO2 into valuable energy and chemicals is an effective way to solve environmental problems and energy crises. Compared with other CO2 conversion methods, electrocatalytic CO2 conversion can be combined with clean energy, enhancing its energy efficiency, environmental friendliness, and sustainability; the process can be improved significantly. In recent years, the self-assembly of metal ions/clusters and organic ligands to form crystalline compounds, known as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), has attracted considerable attention. These materials have gained prominence due to their diverse range of potential applications and distinctive properties. This Review briefly introduces the basic principles of electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 and the composition and properties of MOF materials. It summarizes the research progress of MOFs in the field of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction from the following aspects: pristine MOF catalysts, MOF-based composites, and MOF-derived electrocatalysts. Finally, the development prospects of MOFs are discussed in combination with the current research status, providing a reference for the development of more efficient and stable MOF electrocatalysts.