Strong room-temperature ferromagnetism and magnetocaloric effect in anisotropic two-dimensional layered chromium indium telluride

Abstract Two-dimensional (2D) layered ferromagnets offer exciting opportunities for studying magnetic phenomena and developing advanced spintronic devices. In this study, we experimentally present a 2D chromium indium telluride (Cr 6 In 2 Te 12 , CIT) that exhibits robust room-temperature ferromagnetism and remarkable magnetic properties. CIT demonstrates a high Curie temperature of 320 K, record-high room-temperature saturation magnetization (∼52.3 emu g −1 ), and a strong magnetocaloric effect. In addition, CIT displays complex magnetocrystalline anisotropy with multiple easy axes and signatures of an abnormal phase transition, characterized by anisotropic anomalies in field- and temperature-dependent magnetization curves. CIT also shows anisotropic magnetic interactions and critical exponents consistent with a mean-field model. Moreover, few-layer CIT retains clear room-temperature ferromagnetism. These exceptional properties position CIT as a promising 2D high-T C ferromagnet for multidisciplinary applications, particularly in high-performance spintronic devices.