The Association Between Periodontal Status, Oral Health‐Related Quality of Life and Self‐Rated Oral Health in Socially Underprivileged Adolescents

ABSTRACT Objectives To assess the associations between periodontal conditions, dental caries, sex, psychosocial factors, socioeconomic status, oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL), and self‐rated oral health among adolescents living in socially deprived neighbourhoods. Methods A school‐based survey was conducted in a random sample of 406 12‐year‐old adolescents in 11 neighbourhoods in the East region of Manaus, Brazil. Gingival status, dental calculus (Community Periodontal Index), and dental caries (DMFT index) were registered through clinical examinations. Adolescents self‐completed questionnaires to assess psychosocial factors (self‐esteem, sense of coherence, and oral health beliefs), socioeconomic status (family income, parent's schooling, number of goods, and house crowding), oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) (CPQ 11–14 ), and self‐rated oral health. Direct and indirect relationships between variables were tested using structural equation modelling guided by the Wilson and Cleary model. Results Greater gingival bleeding was directly associated with worse self‐rated oral health. Poor OHRQoL was directly linked to the number of teeth with dental calculus, more teeth with dental caries experience, and worse psychosocial factors. Worse socioeconomic status and dental calculus were associated with gingival bleeding. Dental calculus and socioeconomic status were indirectly associated with self‐rated oral health via gingival status. OHRQoL mediated the association of dental caries experience and psychosocial factors with self‐rated oral health. Conclusions Gingival bleeding and dental calculus may negatively affect self‐reported oral health in adolescents. Socioeconomic status and psychosocial factors were also relevant determinants for oral health in this age group.