光电阴极
过电位
分解水
制氢
材料科学
能量转换效率
纳米孔
硅
黑硅
光电子学
光电化学电池
电解质
串联
纳米技术
生产(经济)
化学
物理
光催化
催化作用
电子
物理化学
有机化学
经济
宏观经济学
量子力学
电极
作者
Jihun Oh,Todd G. Deutsch,Hao-Chih Yuan,Howard M. Branz
摘要
Nanostructured Si eliminates several critical problems with Si photocathodes and dramatically improves a photoelectrochemical (PEC) reaction important to water-splitting. Our nanostructured black Si photocathodes improve the H2 production by providing (1) near-ideal anti-reflection that enables the absorption of most incident light and its conversion to photogenerated electrons and (2) extremely high surface area in direct contact with water that reduces the overpotential needed for the PEC hydrogen half-reaction. Application of these advances would significantly improve the solar H2 conversion efficiency of an ideal tandem PEC system. Finally, the nanostructured Si surface facilitates bubble evolution and therefore reduces the need for surfactants in the electrolyte.
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