Design strategies and application progress of covalent organic frameworks in photocatalytic oxidation reactions

production, and efficient degradation of recalcitrant pollutants. The application scope is further extended to biomedical fields, leveraging ROS for antibacterial therapy and photodynamic effects. Finally, we discuss prevailing challenges in quantitative ROS detection, operational stability, and scalable synthesis, while outlining future opportunities in machine-learning-guided design and tandem catalytic systems. This review aims to establish fundamental design principles for the next generation of COF-based photocatalysts, bridging molecular-level engineering to macroscopic oxidative efficacy.