Effects of adjuvant berberine therapy on acute ischemic stroke: A meta‐analysis

Abstract We conducted a meta‐analysis to evaluate the clinical efficacy of berberine (BBR) in treating acute ischemic stroke (AIS), explore its anti‐inflammatory effects, and assess its potential applications for AIS patients. We comprehensively searched nine databases from inception until July 1, 2022, to identify clinical trials investigating the use of BBR in treating AIS. We performed statistical analyses using RevMan5.4 software and focused on primary outcomes such as inflammatory markers as well as secondary outcomes including immune system indicators, relevant biomarkers, carotid artery atherosclerosis, and adverse reactions. Our analysis included data from 17 clinical trials involving 1670 patients with AIS. Our results revealed that BBR in combination with conventional treatment significantly reduced levels of high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), complement C3, hypoxic inducible factor‐1 α (HIF‐1α), cysteine protease‐3 (Caspase‐3), the national institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS), triglycerides (TG), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), carotid intima‐media thickness (IMT), the number of unstable plaques, and carotid crouse score on ultrasound when compared with conventional treatment alone. Furthermore, combining BBR with conventional treatment may improve the overall effective rate. Therefore, our findings suggest that BBR can be used as an adjuvant therapy for AIS due to its ability to reduce inflammatory cytokine levels, providing a novel therapeutic option for AIS. However, larger randomized controlled trials are necessary to confirm these results.