Evaluation of the results of totally implantable catheters for chemotherapy (cervical and brachial region) in oncology patients

BACKGROUND: Totally implantable venous devices (ports) are essential for patients with malignant neoplasia who require chemotherapy. Implantation through the internal jugular vein has been the preferred route of insertion, however it has been debated in recent years due to its association with severe complications such as pneumothorax, puncture of the subclavian and carotid artery. An alternative to avoid these complications is the use of ports for peripheral insertion in the arm, less invasive procedure and with better aesthetic results.METHODS: It is a prospective study in which 36 patients with neoplastic disease submitted to port implantation through cervical or brachial access, according to medical indications and patient preference. These patients were followed and the primary outcomes were: time of the procedures, complications and discomfort of the patient in the intraoperative period and up to 6 months after. The satisfaction assessment was performed at the end of the study based on the application of a specific questionnaire.RESULTS: In all cases, the procedure was successfully completed and the proper functioning of the catheters was confirmed. Complications observed in patients with brachial access included three cases of local bruise, one case of asymptomatic thrombophlebitis, one case of subcutaneous infection, one case of pain when stretching the arm and one case of extrusion. In patients with cervical access, two cases of malfunctioning catheters were observed, one of which required early port removal, and another case of subcutaneous pocket infection unresponsive to clinical treatment, which also required early port removal.CONCLUSIONS: The implantation of the port through the brachial and cervical access did not present serious complications, and the patients demonstrated high general satisfaction.