Real-time and accurate monitoring of mitochondria-related apoptosis by a multifunctional two-photon fluorescent probe

Mitochondria polarity and morphology can work as the important features for tracking the mitochondria-related apoptosis. Herein, we designed a multifunctional two-photon fluorescent probe Mito-PF with mitochondria-anchoring ability, which can not only quantitatively monitor the fluctuation of polarity using the dual-channel imaging mode, but also directly visualize the changes of mitochondrial morphology. Benefits from its multiple performance, real-time and accurate monitoring of mitochondria-related apoptosis can be achieved through ratio two-photon imaging of the mitochondria-related parameters (polarity and morphology). In addition, we successfully utilized Mito-PF to assess drug bpV(phen) and presented that bpV(phen) has a remarkable ability to induce mitochondria-related apoptosis.