Bacterial photosynthesis: state-of-the-art in light-driven carbon fixation in engineered bacteria

Light-driven carbon fixation is a promising option for reducing carbon emissions and alleviating the energy crisis. However, light energy conversion is a major limitation for supporting efficient downstream CO2 fixation pathways. Based on biomimetic technology and synthetic biology, we elaborate on new light-driven technologies in engineered bacteria from three aspects: light energy capture, reducing power generation, and energy generation. In this review, we focus on the current progress in light-driven carbon fixation and discuss new methods with great potential for industrial bioproduction, providing guidance for the development and improvement of bacterial light-driven platforms to convert CO2 into value-added chemicals.