WO3-based materials as heterogeneous catalysts for diverse organic transformations: a mini-review

The unique ability of tungsten oxide (WO3) to absorb light in the visible region with a spectral range of 480 nm and longer has drawn a lot of attention. It has various advantages, including low cost, low toxicity, easy availability, recyclability, and chemical stability. There have been a number of recent applications for WO3-based catalysts and photocatalysts, such as the degradation of organic pollutants, hydrogen evolution, heavy metal treatment, CO2 photoreduction, self-cleaning, air purification, etc. For organic processes such as cross-coupling, oxidation reactions, and heterocycle synthesis, we evaluate the literature on WO3-based catalysts or photocatalysts and the mechanisms involved in these reactions. We hope that this short review will help researchers make high-performance and cheap WO3-based catalysts that can be used in a lot of organic processes.