In vitro and in vivo evaluation of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers-based nicorandil-loaded peroral tablet compared with its once-daily commercial sustained-release tablet

CONTEXT: Hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymer-based nicorandil (10 mg)-loaded peroral tablets were prepared using the wet granulation technique. The influence of varying amounts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) (30-50 mg), ethylcellulose (2-4 mg), microcrystalline cellulose (5-20 mg) and Aerosil® (5-12 mg) in conjunction with the constant amounts (3 mg) of glidant and lubricant (magnesium stearate and talc) on the in vitro performances of the tablets (hardness, friability, weight variation, thickness uniformity, drug content, and drug release behavior) were investigated. OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were (i) to select a nicorandil-loaded peroral tablet that matched the in vitro dissolution profile of once-daily commercial sustained-release tablet, and (ii) to compare the in vivo sustaining/controlling efficacy of the selected peroral tablet with that of its commercial counterparts. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Because the nicorandil (10 mg)-loaded tablet prepared based on F-IX composition (50 mg HPMC, 4 mg ethylcellulose, 10 mg MCC and 3 mg glidant and lubricant) showed a release profile comparable to that of the Nikoran® OD SR tablet release profile, the tablet with this composition was considered to be the optimized/selected formulation and, therefore, was subjected to stability study and in vivo study in rabbits. Despite of the higher C(max) and AUC values obtained with the optimized tablet, there was no sign of difference between the optimized- and Nikoran® OD SR- tablets following a single-dose crossover oral administration into rabbit. CONCLUSION: The optimized tablet could be used as an alternative to the commercial once-daily tablet.