社会经济地位
环境卫生
认知
幼儿
大脑大小
医学
大脑发育
铅暴露
认知发展
铅中毒
铅(地质)
心理学
发展心理学
精神科
生物
人口
内科学
猫
神经科学
古生物学
磁共振成像
放射科
作者
Andrew T. Marshall,Samantha Betts,Eric Kan,Rob McConnell,Bruce P. Lanphear,Elizabeth R. Sowell
出处
期刊:Nature Medicine
[Springer Nature]
日期:2020-01-01
卷期号:26 (1): 91-97
被引量:79
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41591-019-0713-y
摘要
Socioeconomic factors influence brain development and structure, but most studies have overlooked neurotoxic insults that impair development, such as lead exposure. Childhood lead exposure affects cognitive development at the lowest measurable concentrations, but little is known about its impact on brain development during childhood. We examined cross-sectional associations among brain structure, cognition, geocoded measures of the risk of lead exposure and sociodemographic characteristics in 9,712 9- and 10-year-old children. Here we show stronger negative associations of living in high-lead-risk census tracts in children from lower- versus higher-income families. With increasing risk of exposure, children from lower-income families exhibited lower cognitive test scores, smaller cortical volume and smaller cortical surface area. Reducing environmental insults associated with lead-exposure risk might confer greater benefit to children experiencing more environmental adversity, and further understanding of the factors associated with high lead-exposure risk will be critical for improving such outcomes in children.
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