Biochemistry Learning in Higher Education: A Systematic Review on Methodologies and Teaching Resources

The teaching of biochemistry in higher education presents several challenges, including the complexity of molecular visualization, the use of technical terminology, and the vast amount of content covered in courses. This systematic review explores current research on biochemistry teaching at the higher education level published between 2012 and 2024, focusing on the teaching resources and methods used. A total of 271 articles selected from the ERIC and SciFinder databases were analyzed, categorizing the teaching resources and methodologies employed, highlighting the main contributions of the works to the teaching of biochemistry. Most of the identified didactic resources involved the use of digital technologies, primarily to assist in spatial visualization of the molecular structures of biomolecules and to improve the understanding of fundamental concepts. Considering teaching methodologies, lecture-style classes still predominated, although innovative approaches such as the flipped classroom, problem-based learning, and team-based learning are increasingly being integrated into biochemistry education. Furthermore, the techniques of virtual and augmented reality, interactive multimedia, and digital simulations are emerging as promising ways to enhance student understanding and engagement. This review gives teachers a comprehensive overview of recently published knowledge concerning biochemistry teaching, providing a foundation for the implementation of innovative and effective educational practices.