Chitosan/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Coatings on Magnesium Alloy: Corrosion and Biocompatibility Properties

Abstract In the present study, optimal conditions for the fabrication of chitosan (CS)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite coatings were evaluated by the pulse electrodeposition (PED) process on Mg–2wt%Zn scaffolds. The size distribution of CS, GO suspension, and CS/GO composite was evaluated using dynamic light scattering. The coatings’ microstructure and morphologies were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, derivative thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The Taguchi statistical method was used to optimize PED parameters, including peak current density (j), duty cycle, and GO nanosheets content (1, 2, and 3 percent by weight [wt%]). Results showed that optimal coatings were produced under the conditions of 2 wt% GO, j = 20 mA/cm2, duty cycle = 0.5, and pH = 5. The process’s time, temperature, and frequency were 20 min, 37°C, and 1,000 Hz. The biocompatibility of coatings was assessed by in vitro test. The results of cell viability and adhesion of MG63 cells on optimal coating are promising for application in bone tissue engineering.