Spatial disparities of street walkability in Moscow in the context of healthy urban environment

Urban walkability might be one of the most important indicators of a healthy city. Taking Moscow as a case study we focused on assessing the walkability through a well-known walkability index using only open data sources. The application of the walkability index to Moscow required some adjustments in its calculation, however, the methodology used has brought the results that could be expected. The strong spatial heterogeneity in walkability was clearly identified within the city. Moreover, the walkability and social differentiation within the city boundaries could have the same spatial patterns. Despite the significant changes and evolution of urban environment throughout the Moscow's history, especially in recent years, historical context is still as impactful as before in terms of walkability. Green infrastructure might be an important component of the walkability index in the context of a healthy urban environment and well-being. Although Moscow could be identified as a green city, some areas cannot adequately provide green infrastructure for all of their residents, primarily due to the remoteness of large parks. According to the results of our study, the priority should be directed towards the improvement of consistency of the green infrastructure network and diversification of land-use in the most vulnerable areas of post-industrial development.