Genomic mechanism of aroma terpenoids biosynthesis in plants

Genomic mechanism of aroma terpenoids biosynthesis in plant genomes is the genetic and evolutionary dynamics. We elaborate the genomic mechanism governing the biosynthesis of plant-derived aroma terpenoids in three dimensions: (1) Genome-wide identification and phylogenetic analyses of TPSs. The same aroma terpenoids were produced by numerous plant species with chromosome-level genomes. Based on 34 plant genomes, we identified 1643 TPSs and classified them into seven subfamilies. (2) Functional and structural basis of TPSs. We found that TPSs with identical functions in distant species exhibit low sequence similarity but conserved active cavity architectures. Conversely, functionally distinct TPSs in closely related species cluster phylogenetically but differ in active cavity structures. (3) Patterns of TPS gene origination. Comparative genomic analyses within and between species revealed three patterns enabling TPSs to acquire the same functions: tandem duplications, dispersed duplications, and genes without duplication.