Objective To determine the emodin and chrysophanol contents in Rheum officinale Baill.and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb..MethodsThe emodin and chrysophanol were extracted by means of methanol-reflux,the contents of emodin and chrysophanol were determined by HPLC method.ResultsThe emodin content in Rheum officinale Baill.was 83 times of that in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb..The chrysophanol content in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.was three times of that in Rheum officinale Baill.ConclusionThis may provide technical parameters and guidance for quality control of Rheum officinale Baill.and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.,rational selecting materials for enterprises,and studying the distribution of emodin and chrysophanol in various plants.