Embracing Remote Fields as the Fourth Dimension of Tissue Biofabrication

Abstract Biomodulation facilitated by external remote fields, such as those generated by magnetic, optical, and acoustic stimuli, has emerged as an intriguing avenue for tissue biofabrication, owing to their precision and non‐invasive characteristics. The active modulation of 3D tissue structures through cellular signaling transductions, encompassing thermo‐, mechano‐, and electro‐transduction, has proven highly effective in inducing spatiotemporally controlled, 4D compositional and functional tissue maturation. This review aims to highlight the current progress and unveil the underlying mechanisms achieved with these leadless strategies. Additionally, it addresses existing challenges and opportunities associated with these distinct approaches. Finally, with a few new directions briefly outlined, it unfolds future perspectives for their continual advancement.