Laser interaction with materials and its applications in precision engineering

In this paper, laser interaction with materials and its applications in precision engineering are mainly introduced. To further explore the physics behind laser interaction with materials, it is of much significance to investigate the mechanisms in the process. First of all, it is desired to understand the characteristics and principle of laser. Laser is generated by stimulated radiation, and has excellent physical properties, such as high monochromaticity, high brightness, high directivity and high coherence. Meanwhile, it benefits much to study the dynamic process of interactions and its mechanisms. There exist both photo-chemical and photo-thermal processes when laser and materials interact. Furthermore, developing laser application in nanomaterial synthesis is also an unique area. It is worth further studying the design and fabrication of nanostructured materials. Last but not least, it is interesting to explore the specific process and characteristics of laser processing, which play an important role in advanced manufacturing. In precision engineering, the tool of laser has also been more applicable considering its great advantages in microprocessing and nanofabrication. Several case studies are introduced, which have great potential and high impact applications, such as ultrafast laser direct writing, laser micro-lens lithography, laser nanofabrication to break through optical diffraction limit and hybrid micro/nanostructures with unique functions fabricated by laser. These studies have triggered intensive research interests due to their great application prospect.