Renal tubular epithelial cells treated with calcium oxalate up-regulate S100A8 and S100A9 expression in M1-polarized macrophages via interleukin 6.

M1-polarized macrophages were the predominant cell type expressing S100A8 and S100A9 in the kidneys of nephrolithiasis patients. CaOx crystals can promote renal tubular epithelial cells to secrete IL6 to up-regulate S100A8 and S100A9 expression in macrophages of M1 type.