Keeping both lungs open during open-lung surgery: an impossible challenge?

Comment on: Writing Committee; Steering Committee; PROTHOR Collaborative Group, et al. Effects of intraoperative higher versus lower positive end-expiratory pressure during one-lung ventilation for thoracic surgery on postoperative pulmonary complications (PROTHOR): a multicentre, international, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Respir Med 2026;14:17-28.