Improvement in novel ultrasound‐assisted extraction technology of high value‐added components from fruit and vegetable peels

Abstract This review gives a summary of the present‐day understanding of the ultrasound‐assisted extraction process, principle and mechanism, and its utilization for the extraction of high value‐added components from fruit and vegetable peels. Besides, the design and development of the ultrasonic device and factors affecting its performance are also covered, along with advantages and demerits. Increasing buyers' interest in greener substitutes and the naturalness of the products free from carcinogenic chemicals and the safety of occupational and environmental health have grabbed the attention of the industries for the sustainable and eco‐friendly method of extraction. The peels of fruits and vegetables get wasted on daily basis from the food industry and domestic use which is the main rival of environmental health. High value‐added compounds like nutritional additives, pharmaceutical, flavor and color supplements, and cosmetics can be extracted for the optimum utilization of the peels as a residue of fruits and vegetables. Conventional techniques have drawbacks like low extraction efficiency, higher solvent absorption, greater energy consumption, and tedious process. Ultrasonic assisted extraction is an emerging, environmentally friendly technique which enhances the extraction efficiency, reduces energy consumption, and lowers the extraction time. Ultrasound also enhances the extraction of heat sensible bioactive compounds by lowering the extraction temperature. Practical applications In the fastest‐growing populated world, large amounts of fruit and vegetable peels get wasted by industrial and domestic use due to the increasing trend in consumption. These wastes contain a variety of nutraceutical and pharmaceutical compounds. Adaptation of emerging technology for the extraction of the bioactive components is not only the solution but, a socially, economically, and environmentally sustainable technique that is of great significance. Ultrasound‐assisted extraction is such a clean, green extraction method which brings several economically profitable advantages by reducing energy and solvent consumption and decreasing the extraction time. This technology also prevents the thermal degradation of heat sensible bioactive components due to the low temperature extraction process by maintaining the original quality. However, the industrial application is yet to be scaled up to prove its sustainable utilization and exploitation.