Artificial Intelligence as a Tool for Self-Care in Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes—An Integrative Literature Review

Background/Objectives: Diabetes is a common public health disease that affects patients mentally, physically, and economically. It requires lifestyle changes such as blood sugar control and regular contact with healthcare services. Artificial intelligence has developed rapidly in many different areas in recent years, including healthcare and nursing. The aim of this study is to explore how artificial intelligence can be used as a tool for patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: An integrative literature review design was chosen according to Whittemore and Knafl (2005). Electronic searches in databases were conducted across Pub-Med, CINAHL Complete (EBSCO), and ACM Digital Library until September 2024. A total set of quantitative and qualitative articles (n = 15) was selected and reviewed using a Mixed Method Appraisal Tool. Results: Artificial intelligence is an effective tool for patients with diabetes mellitus, and various models are used. Three themes emerged: artificial intelligence as a tool for blood sugar monitoring for patients with diabetes mellitus, artificial intelligence as a decision support for diabetic wounds and complications, and patients’ requests for artificial intelligence capabilities in relation to tools. Artificial intelligence can create better conditions for patient self-care. Conclusions: Artificial intelligence is a valuable tool for patients with diabetes mellitus and enables the district nurse to focus more on person-centered care. The technology facilitates the patient’s blood sugar monitoring. However, more research is needed to ensure the safety of AI technology, the protection of patient privacy, and clarification of laws and regulations within diabetes care.