Relationship between ice adhesion force and interface micromechanics

The tangential ice adhesion force on a substrate with varying surface temperatures and the freezing interface strain were simultaneously measured to study the formation process of the ice adhesion force. The tangential adhesion force at different surface temperatures of icing and the tangential freezing interface strain formed by the attached water in the freezing process were tested and collected with a self-made experimental device. The ice adhesion force and freezing interface strain in the tangential direction gradually increased with the surface temperature decreasing. For example, compared to the ice adhesion force and the freezing interface strain at a surface temperature of −10°C, the ice adhesion force and freezing interface strain on the substrate surface at −15°C increased by 45.37% and 5.13%, respectively. A quadratic function relationship with a good fitness between the ice adhesion force and the freezing interface strain was constructed. The continuous increase of the freezing interface strain will elevate the relative sliding between the attached water and the substrate, so the ice adhesion force will also increase to avoid sliding. The present study will help to reveal the formation mechanism and process of ice adhesion force from the perspective of the freezing interface strain.