Research on operating mechanisms of hidden champion-led niche platform ecosystems: innovation and collaboration

Purpose Research on niche platform ecosystems of hidden champion enterprises is still in an exploratory stage, and existing literature lacks systematic analysis of their operating mechanisms. Therefore, this study aims to examine the operating mechanisms of niche platform ecosystems led by hidden champions. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the authors selected ten hidden champion enterprises from the manufacturing industry and constructed a model of operating mechanisms for niche platform ecosystems using grounded theory and multiple case study methods. Findings The findings indicate that the operating mechanism of the niche platform ecosystem encompasses three key layers: the resource foundation layer, the system operation layer and the value output layer. Platform members achieve value cocreation through specialized coordination, resource complementarity and technological innovation, forming an ecosystem operating model characterized by innovation-driven and deep collaboration. This operating mechanism not only promotes collaborative innovation within the system but also provides new value creation pathways for industrial development. Originality/value This study contributes to the theoretical research of platform ecosystems and hidden champions, providing valuable insights and theoretical guidance for the operation of hidden champion-led niche platform ecosystems.