We present a comprehensive review on AA metabolism and pathways in the different pathology process of SCI, such as neuronal loss, demyelination, neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation with different cell types involved. We also discussed the complex interactions of AA metabolites pose challenges for the development of effective therapies. Finally, we outlooked future research directions aimed at optimizing AA-targeted treatments and expanding their clinical applicability to enhance recovery in patients with SCI.