Post-2030 global goals need explicit targets for cities and businesses

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), universally adopted by all 193 United Nations (UN) Member States in 2015, represent a shared vision for people and the planet. With a framework containing 169 targets and 248 indicators, the SDGs stipulate an aspirational agenda for global society to achieve by 2030. Since their adoption, SDGs have been impactful in some respects. They frequently appear in government documents and national leaders' speeches, and all but a handful of countries have reported progress via Voluntary National Reviews. SDGs have been a source of inspiration for the research community-a quick search in Elsevier's SCOPUS database would show more than 9000 research articles published to date with SDGs in their title.