A review of the effects of niacin on broiler productivity

Vitamins are a significant component of poultry diets, and their absence in the diet results in disorders in growth and performance. Niacin is a form of vitamin B that acts as a catalyst in many of the body's vital processes and is essential for maintaining normal body function. This article reviews the effect of niacin and its accessible forms (nicotinic acid and nicotinamide) on growth, performance, blood parameters, carcase quality, the immune system, and microbial flora in broilers. The addition of niacin to the diet enhances the performance and health of broilers. A supplement of 1.5 to 33 mg/kg/DM nicotinic acid in broiler diets increased their final weight (620 g compared to 221 g in unsupplemented chicks). Niacin and nicotinic acid were effective both in increasing carcase weight and decreasing abdominal fat; although in most cases, the differences were not statistically significant. A supplement of 150 mg/kg nicotinic acid in combination with chromium chloride and copper sulphate effectively reduced the cholesterol in the breast and thigh muscle of broilers. The presence of nicotinic acid (6 to 33 mg/kg/DM) in broiler diets markedly reduced leg disorders (6.3% compared to 12.8% in chickens not receiving nicotinic acid). In general, the addition of niacin and its derivatives in broiler diets helps maximise performance in broilers.