Hierarchical optimization of metal–organic frameworks via bimetallic incorporation and ligand-induced defects towards enhanced capacitive performance

), surpassing that of the pristine Ni-MOF by 77.9%. Significant enhancements in both cycling stability and rate capability have also been achieved. Moreover, the assembled Co/Ni-MOF-10//AC ASC device shows suitable energy density and stable cycling performance over 3000 cycles, retaining 85.1% of its capacitance and maintaining 96.0% efficiency. This work suggests that rational manipulation of the coordination environment at metal centers constitutes an effective strategy to enhance capacitive performance.