A review of the use of graphene-based materials in electromagnetic-shielding

Electromagnetic radiation has led to potentially harmful effects, and thus, there has been growing research on electromagnetic shielding materials with a wide shielding range, high absorption efficiency and stability. Graphene is a prime candidate in this field due to its low density, outstanding electrical conductivity, and large specific surface area. In this paper, we conclude the fundamental principles of electromagnetic shielding and the structural characteristics of graphene-based materials while highlighting their unique electromagnetic shielding properties. We also provide an overview of common strategies for modifying graphene-based materials, including structural modification and heteroatom doping, and their incorporation in composite materials to improve this property. Structural modification can increase the losses of electromagnetic waves by absorption and multiple reflections, and heteroatom doping and incorporation in composite materials can increase the losses by interface polarization and magnetic effects. Furthermore, we summarize various modification methods for graphene-based electromagnetic shielding materials to inspire the development of materials with lightweight and high shielding bandwidth capabilities.