A series of highly active Ni2P-MoS2/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were prepared and characterized, the catalytic performanceof which was evaluated through hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene. The result indicated that when the amount ofNi2P was 4%, the catalyst showed a relatively high activity to provide a reliable reference for the hydrodesulfurization pathwayin comparison with the conventional NiMo and NiMoP catalysts. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts werecorrelated with their catalytic activity and selectivity on hydrodesulfurization. The stacking number of active MoS2 phaseswas important for influencing the hydrogenation activity.