[Role of PD-1/PD-L1 in microenvironment of breast cancer].

Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), as a checkpoint of the immune signaling pathway, is a hotspot in the field of immuno-oncology. Its binding with ligand (PD-L1) is an important negative regulatory mechanism. Application of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in treatments of breast cancer is still being explored at present. Fully understanding the mechanism of PD-1/PD-L1 in the microenvironment of breast cancer will help their inhibitors play a full role. This review will start with the discovery of PD-1 and PD-L1, describe their main signaling pathways, introduce the common types and applications of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, especially in breast cancer, summarize the basic research of PD-1 and PD-L1 in breast cancer microenvironment in recent years, and seek new strategies of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in breast cancer treatment.程序性死亡蛋白1(PD-1)作为免疫信号通路的检查点，是目前肿瘤免疫研究领域的热门，其与配体(PD-L1)的结合，是肿瘤中重要的负性调控机制。目前，PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂对乳腺癌的治疗效果还在探索阶段，充分理解乳腺肿瘤微环境中PD-1/PD-L1的作用机制，对于帮助其抑制剂充分发挥作用十分重要。文章将从PD-1、PD-L1分子的发现开始，描述其主要的信号通路，介绍PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂的常见种类和应用现状，尤其是在乳腺癌中的应用情况，总结近年来在乳腺肿瘤微环境中PD-1和PD-L1的相关基础研究，寻找PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂在乳腺癌治疗中的新策略。.