GO-HNT framework-based hydrogels with efficient water evaporation-driven cooling and superior electromagnetic wave absorption

. The increase in the thermal conductivity, together with heat dissipation from water evaporation, led to a temperature drop of ∼10 °C in the simulating heater. Additionally, halloysite nanotubes formed a dense flame-retardant layer, ensuring the safety of the hydrogel under ultrahigh temperatures. Overall, these multifunctional hydrogels offer a promising solution to simultaneously address the challenges of heat accumulation and electromagnetic interference in electronics.